Boiler



Dec. 24, 1963 D. VANDAL 3,115,121

v BOILER Filed July 11, 1962 2 SheetsSheet 1 36 2a 3a 39 22 33 I3 3/ 37 a 24 35 37 o. 22 z: o 7

30 o o 34 0 O 29 o o l0 V 9 9 ammu- IN [/5 N TOR Delphis m/vnAL PATENT AGENT Dec. 24, 1963 D. VANDAL 3,115,121

: BOILER Filed July 11, 1963 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VENTOR new: mm; BY QM MTEVT AGEN T United States Patent 3,115,121 BQILER Delphis Vandal, 2636 Hanover Road, Mount Royal, Quebec, Canada Filed July 11, 1962, Ser. No. 209,092 1 Claim. (@Cl. 122--95) The present invention relates to boilers, and more particularly to gas or oil fired steam boilers.

The main object of the present invention resides in the provision of a boiler which has a high thermal eificiency because it has a maximum of heat exchange surface area relative to its overall dimensions.

Another object of the present invention resides in the provision of a boiler of the character described in which all the surfaces of the combustion chamber including the bottom wall thereof constitute heat exchange surfaces for heating the water in the boiler.

Another important object of the present invention resides in the provision of a boiler of the character described which has a very small width in relation to its heating capacity.

Another object of the present invention resides in the provision of a boiler of the character described which is of relatively simple and inexpensive construction, and which will give a prolonged service.

Yet another important object of the present invention resides in the provision of a boiler of the character described having a long combustion chamber completely surrounded by a water jacket such that no refractory lining is required, the chamber being in a plane parallel to the long axis of the shell, whereby the overall dimensions of the boiler are not increased.

Still another object of the invention resides in the provision of a boiler of the character described in which the shelland combustion chamber are made of two separate parts for ease in shipping and assembly.

The foregoing and other important objects of the present invention will become more apparent during the following disclosure and by referring to the drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal section, partially in elevation, of the boiler of the invention;

FIGURE 2 is a plan section taken along line 22 of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a cross-section taken along line 3-3 of FIGURE 1, and partially in front elevation;

FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal section, partially in elevation, of another embodiment of the boiler of the invention; and

FIGURE 5 is a cross-section taken along line 5'5 of .FIGURE 4, and partially in front elevation.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings in which like reference characters indicate like elements throughout, the boiler of the invention according to a first embodiment essentially consists of a base 1 constituting a combustion chamber and supporting a horizontal shell section 2.

The base '1 is made of a double wall construction to provide a Water jacket in its bottom wall as well as in its side walls and end walls. More particularly, base 1 comprises spaced flat outer and inner bottom walls 3 and 4, spaced flat outer and inner side walls 5 and 6, spaced fiat outer and inner back walls 7 and 8, and spaced flat 'outer and inner front Walls 9 and 10. These walls form a continuous water jacket 11 and they are rigidly secured to each other and maintained at an equal distance apart by means of stay bolts or rivets 12. The top of the combustion chamber 13 defined by the inner walls 4-, 6, 8 and 10 is closed by a horizontal pantition 14 at the front portion of the combustion chamber 13 and by a horizontal top wall 15 at the back portion of chamber 13, said wall 15 being at a portion 16 together with upwardly extended portions of the inner lateral walls 6 and inner back wall 8, and also with a transverse vertical plate 17 joining the rear edge of partition 14- to the front transverse edge of top wall 15. Thus, combustion chamber 13 with its upper chamber 16 forms a continuous compartment having an L-shaped longitudinal section, as shown in FIGURE 1,

and is substantially rectangular in cross-section, as shown in FIGURE 3.

A circular opening 18 is made in the front walls 9 and '10 at the center thereof and is defined by a tubular member 19 which serves for the insertion of the nozzle of an oil burner or gas burner adapted to extend within the combustion chamber 13 in the front portion thereof. Tubular member 19 will then be closed around the burner nozzle in usual manner.

The lateral walls '5, '6 are also provided with an inspection opening 20 normally closed by a door (not shown). The back walls 7 and 8 are provided with a peep tube 21 for inspecting the flame and the inside of the combustion chamber.

The horizontal shell 2 comprises a semicylindrical portion 22, opposite the base 1, which merges with the outer side walls 5 of said base, and further comprises cylindrical front and back portions 23 and 24. The long axis of the shell 2 is parallel to the long axis of the elongated base 1. Front portion 23 protrudes only slightly at the front of the base 1, while back portion 24 protrudes rear- Wardly of the back of base 1 a substantial amount.

Dish shaped head plates 25 close both ends of the shell 2 and each defines a transfer chamber 26 with a removable head cover 27 lined inside with insulation 23.

A first series of horizontally disposed spaced parallel fire tubes 29 extend between and are supported by head plate 25 at their outer ends and by vertical plate 17 and the upward extension of the inner back wall 8 at their inner ends, whereby the fire tubes make communication between the combustion chamber 13 and the transfer chambers 26 at both ends of the shell 2. The tire tubes 29 have substantially the same length at the back and front portion of the shell 2.

A second series of horizontally disposed straight spaced parallel fire tubes 30 extend between and are secured to the head plates 25 at their outer ends and to transverse semi-circular plates 31 at their inner ends, said plates31 defining with the semi-cylindrical portion 22 and with a bottom wall 32, a smoke box 33 disposed directly over the upper chamber portion 16 of the combustion chamber and spaced therefrom, that is, there is a water space between the bottom plate 32 and the top Wall 15 of the combustion chamber portion 16.

Plate 32 and top wall 15 are parallel to each other and are rigidly interconnected by means of stay bolts 34. Stay rods 35 rigidly interconnect the head plates 25 to plates 31 and to inner back wall 3 and to vertical plate 17. Smoke box 33 communicates with the exterior through smoke opening 36.

Shell section 2 is further provided with steam outlets 37 and one or more manholes 38 normally closed by a pressure tight cover 39 for the inspection of the interior of the shell and of the fire tubes. The fire tubes themselves can be inspected and cleaned by removing the head covers 27. The smoke box 33 can also be provided with an inspection opening which is normally closed (this opening is not shown in the drawings).

The boiler of the invention is normally filled with water to the level shown at 40. Thus water fills surrounds completely the combustion chamber 13 and upper chamber 16, and fills the lower parts of the shell 2 between the fire tubes.

The boiler rests directly on suitable beams so as to leave an air space of about one foot between the ground and the bottom wall 3.

No insulation is required inside the combustion chamber because of the elongated shape of said combustion chamber whereby the flame emitted by the burner, whether oil or gas fired, will not strike directly the inner back wall 8. Moreover, all the walls of the combustion chamber are completely jacketed with water which results in the maintenance of the inner walls of the combustion chamber within a maximum temperature limit and which also very importantly results in a highly etficient heat exchange between the water and the flame and combustion gases.

Because the shell section lies in the longitudinal plane of the elongated combustion chamber, the boiler of the invention takes up a minimum width for its size and capacity.

FIGURES 4 and illustrate a second embodiment of the invention incorporating the above noted inventive features and advantages and characterized by the fact that it is made in two parts which are easily assembled whereby shipping of the boiler is facilitated together with manipulation and erection thereof.

As in the first embodiment, the boiler of the second embodiment essentially consists of a base constituting a combustion chamber and supporting a horizontally disposed shell section 51.

The base 50 is made of a double wall construction to provide a water jacket in its double bottom walls 52, 52' as well as in its double side walls 53, 53', its double back walls 54, 54' and its double front walls 55, 55'.

The top edges of the double front and back walls are cut out to form a semi-circular notch and said top edges are joined by a transverse curved closure plate shown at 56 in relation to the double front walls 55, 55' in FIG- URE 4.

Similarly, the top edges of the double side walls 53, 53' are joined by a closure plate 57.

The cylindrical wall of shell 51 rests in the notches made in the front and back walls being supported by said walls and are provided along the sides of the center portion thereof, with a laterally protruding flange 5E on each side of the shell coextensive with the side walls of the base 50 and which rests directly on top of the closure plate 57, of each double side wall 53, 53'; the flanges 58 are reinforced by spaced webs 59.

Water circulation is obtained between the jacket of the base 50 and the inside of the shell 51 by means of a plurality of elbow pipes 60 disposed at the outside of the front and back walls 55 and 54 and communicating with the jacket of the base and with the shell 51, these elbow pipes are preferably butt welded to the edges of openings made in the shell and in the walls 55, 54.

U-shaped pipes 61 are similarly connected between the shell and the outer side walls 53 to establish communication between the side portions of the jacket and the inside of the shell. These pipes 61 are also preferably butt welded to the edges of circular openings made in the shell and in the outer side walls 53.

The shell 51 is provided at the center of its bottom portion with a substantially semicircular cavity 62 which constitutes the upper portion of the combustion chamber being in full communication with the latter. Cavity 62 is defined by a horizontal transverse partition 63 constituting the top wall of the combustion chamber and by semicircular vertical transverse partitions 64; partitions 63 and 64 are welded or otherwise secured at their edges to the cylindrical wall of the shell 51 and extend completely across the latter.

Directly above transverse partition wall 63 is located the smoke box 65 which is defined by bottom wall 66 spaced above and parallel to transverse partition 63 and by semi-circular partition walls 67 disposed in spaced parallel vertical planes transversely of the long axis of the shell. Walls 66 and 67 extending completely across the shell being welded or otherwise secured to the cylindrical wall of the shell.

Both ends of the shell are closed by head plates 68 which define a transfer chamber 69 with a removable head cover 79 lined with insulation 71.

A first set of fire tubes 72 disposed on both sides of the cavity 62 being supported by and passing through the partitions 64- and the head plates 68; a second set of fire tubes 73 is provided on both sides of the smoke box 65, said fire tubes being supported by and passing through the partition walls 67 of the smoke box and the head plates 68.

As in the first embodiment, the double walls of the base are secured together and maintained at a fixed distance apart by means of rivets or stay bolts 74.

The base 59 is provided with a front opening 75 for the insertion of the nozzle of a fuel oil burner, of a gas burner or the like; base 50 has also a side access opening 76 for cleaning or repairs and normally closed by a door.

The boiler is preferably supported above ground by I beams 77 or the like.

The combustion chamber being of elongated shape there is no need for lining the inside of said chamber with refractory material and thus, there is obtained highly efficient heat transfer between the combustion gases in the combustion chamber and the water of the jacketed wall of the base.

The combustion gases when leaving the main portion of the combustion chamber enter cavity 62 and pass through the first set of fire tubes 72 into the transfer chambers 69, then through the second set of fire tubes 73 to finally leave the boiler by the smoke box 65 which has a discharge opening 78.

The shell 51 is provided with the usual openings 79 for connection of instruments such as thermometers, pressure gauges and the like and with nipples 80 for the collection of steam.

While preferred embodiments in accordance with the present invention have been illustrated and described, it is understood that various modifications may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claim.

What I claim is:

A boiler comprising an elongated box shaped base defined by a fiat front, back, side and bottom walls of double wall, sheet metal construction to define a water space all around the combustion chamber formed within said base by the inner walls of said double wall construction, said inner walls being devoid of any refractory lining, a horizontally disposed cylindrical shell supported by the walls of said base and in communication with said water space, and having its long axis parallel to the long axis of said base, said shell having a cavity formed in the central bottom portion thereof, in full communication with said combustion chamber and forming an upper extension of said combustion chamber, said cavity being defined by a top horizontal wall and vertical transverse walls in said shell, a smoke box, having a top opening to the exterior, located within the central upper portion of said shell on top of said upper chamber and separated therefrom by a water space, head plates in the outer ends of said shell and outer covers removably closing said outer ends to define transfer chambers with said head plates, a first series of fire tubes extending horizontally from said upper extension of said combustion chamber to said head plates, and a second series of fire tubes extending horizontally from said head plates to said smoke box in order to allow passage of the combustion gases from said combustion chamber through said fire tubes and transfer chambers into said smoke box, said front wall of said base having an opening therein for the insertion of the nozzle of a burner into said combustion chamber, said References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 73,634 Newell Ian. 21, 1868 981,078 Fernstrum Jan. 10, 1911 10 2,593,946 Weldy Apr. 22, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 630,745 Great Britain 061. 20, 1949 

